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1、下载压缩包并解压：
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```gitlab
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cd /data/
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wget https://download.sonatype.com/nexus/3/nexus-3.86.2-01-linux-x86_64.tar.gz
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tar -zxf nexus-3.86.2-01-linux-x86_64.tar.gz
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mv nexus-3.86.2-01-linux-x86_64 nexus
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```
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2、创建nexus用户、给权限、更改脚本使用nexus用户
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```gitlab
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useradd -M -r -s /bin/false nexus
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chown -R nexus:nexus /data/nexus
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cd /data/nexus
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vim /data/nexus/bin/nexus
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# user to execute as; optional but recommended to set
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run_as_user='nexus'
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```
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3、创建systemctl
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```gitlab
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vim /etc/systemd/system/nexus.service
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[Unit]
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Description=Nexus Repository Manager
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After=network.target
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[Service]
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Type=forking
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LimitNOFILE=65536
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User=nexus
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Group=nexus
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ExecStart=/data/nexus/bin/nexus start
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ExecStop=/data/nexus/bin/nexus stop
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Restart=on-abort
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# JVM 内存你可根据机器调整 (默认 2G)，在 nexus.vmoptions 修改，这里的路径要跟随实际解压出来的路径，或者是用本机的
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Environment=JAVA_HOME=/data/nexus/jdk/temurin_17.0.13_11_linux_x86_64/jdk-17.0.13+11Environment=JAVA_HOME=/data/nexus/jdk
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Environment=RUN_AS_USER=nexus
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[Install]
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WantedBy=multi-user.target
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```
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4、重载systemctl、启动、查看日志
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```gitlab
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systemctl daemon-reload
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systemctl start nexus
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systemctl status nexus -l
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# 日志
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tail -f /data/sonatype-work/nexus3/log/nexus.log
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# 如果报错执行5：/data/nexus/bin/nexus: line 175: /data/sonatype-work/nexus3/nexus.pid: Permission denied
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```
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5、给工作目录权限
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```gitlab
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chown -R nexus:nexus /data/nexus
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chown -R nexus:nexus /data/sonatype-work
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chmod -R 755 /data/sonatype-work
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# 重启查看
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systemctl restart nexus
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systemctl status nexus -l
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# 端口占用8081
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ss -ntl | grep 8081
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# 自启
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systemctl enable nexus
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```
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6、账号密码
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```gitlab
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默认账号：admin
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密码：cat /data/sonatype-work/nexus3/admin.password
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```
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---
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扩展 ：
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```gitlab
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# Nexus 3 有两个目录：程序目录 + 数据目录
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NEXUS_HOME（程序目录） 存放程序文件、脚本、jar /data/nexus/
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NEXUS_DATA（数据目录） 存放仓库数据、配置、日志 /data/sonatype-work/nexus3/
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/data/nexus/ # 下载官方tar包解压后改名的目录
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├── bin/ # nexus 启动脚本
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├── etc/ # 配置文件
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├── deploy/
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├── jdk/
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├── *.txt
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/data/sonatype-work/nexus3/ # 所有仓库的数据（比如 Maven 私服上传的 artifacts）都存这里
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├── blobs/ # 仓库文件，所有上传的 jar 包都在这
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├── db/ # 配置数据库
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├── etc/ # 配置
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├── log/ # 日志
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├── cache/
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└── nexus.pid # PID 文件
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```
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---
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异常
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```gitlab
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查看日志报错：
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tail -f /data/sonatype-work/nexus3/log/nexus.log
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2025-11-21 12:06:34,120+0800 WARN [Timer-0] *SYSTEM java.util.prefs - Couldn't flush user prefs: java.util.prefs.BackingStoreException: Couldn't get file lock.
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2025-11-21 12:06:38,968+0800 INFO [qtp2016701496-114] *UNKNOWN org.apache.shiro.session.mgt.AbstractValidatingSessionManager - Enabling session validation scheduler...
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2025-11-21 12:06:38,985+0800 INFO [qtp2016701496-114] *UNKNOWN org.sonatype.nexus.internal.security.anonymous.AnonymousManagerImpl - Using default configuration: AnonymousConfigurationData{enabled=true, userId='anonymous', realmName='NexusAuthorizingRealm'}
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2025-11-21 12:06:53,592+0800 INFO [quartz-14-thread-4] *TASK org.sonatype.nexus.quartz.internal.task.QuartzTaskInfo - Task 'Malicious Risk On Disk - Auto enable Health Check for proxy repositories on startup' [malicious-risk-on-disk-auto-enable-rhc] state change WAITING -> RUNNING
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2025-11-21 12:06:53,594+0800 INFO [quartz-14-thread-4] *TASK com.sonatype.nexus.risk.riskondisk.MaliciousRiskOnDiskAutoEnableRHCTask - Starting malicious-risk-on-disk-auto-enable-rhc task
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2025-11-21 12:06:53,594+0800 INFO [quartz-14-thread-4] *TASK com.sonatype.nexus.risk.riskondisk.MaliciousRiskOnDiskAutoEnableRHCTask - Found 2 proxy repositories
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2025-11-21 12:06:53,673+0800 INFO [quartz-14-thread-4] *TASK com.sonatype.nexus.risk.riskondisk.MaliciousRiskOnDiskAutoEnableRHCTask - Completed malicious-risk-on-disk-auto-enable-rhc task
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2025-11-21 12:06:53,674+0800 INFO [quartz-14-thread-4] *TASK org.sonatype.nexus.quartz.internal.task.QuartzTaskInfo - Task 'Malicious Risk On Disk - Auto enable Health Check for proxy repositories on startup' [malicious-risk-on-disk-auto-enable-rhc] state change RUNNING -> WAITING (OK)
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2025-11-21 12:07:04,119+0800 WARN [Timer-0] *SYSTEM java.util.prefs - Could not lock User prefs. Unix error code 2.
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2025-11-21 12:07:04,119+0800 WARN [Timer-0] *SYSTEM java.util.prefs - Couldn't flush user prefs: java.util.prefs.BackingStoreException: Couldn't get file lock.
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# 因为 Nexus 用 systemd 方式启动时，Java 会尝试写入，~/.java/.userPrefs/，但 nexus 用户没有对应目录，或者目录不可写
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# 创建的nexus的家目录并给权限
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mkdir -p /home/nexus/.java/.userPrefs
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chown -R nexus:nexus /home/nexus/.java
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# 如果 nexus 用户没有 home
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usermod -d /home/nexus nexus
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# 重启 nexus 服务
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systemctl restart nexus
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```
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